In Table two also confirm this. It might be seen that the annual imply of Icosabutate Formula surface HCHO concentration is about confirm this. It might be seen that the annual mean of surface HCHO concentration is about two.21 /m3 over the ocean and two.77 /m3 more than land. 2.21 g/m3 more than the ocean and 2.77 g/m3 over land.Table two. Statistics of surface HCHO concentration for sea surface, land surface and combined (unit: Table 3 Statistics of surface HCHO concentration for sea surface, land surface and combined two. /m ). (unit: g/m3).Sea Land GlobalStandard Dev. Typical Dev. 0.414 0.859 0.Mean Imply 2.12 two.77 2.Minimum Minimum 1.49 0.006 0.Maximum Maximum 6.22 six.53 6.Cities, because the regions using the densest population, deserve particular focus towards their surface HCHO concentration as a consequence of its known and possible harms to folks living there. Table three shows the surface concentration of HCHO for a number of the standard cities in these regions, with Jakarta and Singapore, two main cities in South East Asia, ranking the highest as well as the second highest with 6.18 and 5.83 /m3 , respectively. three.two. Interval Estimation In addition to point estimation, the model in this study also provided estimations in the upper and reduce bounds of surface concentration of HCHO, to ensure that the uncertainty, or variability of your surface concentration is usually evaluated. In Figure 8a, the relationship amongst the estimated upper bound, decrease bound plus the point estimation are displayed in a 3D space. Figure 8b shows the ML-SA1 TRP Channel results of cross-validation on the validation set. The point estimation lies around the red line, inside the middle of your upper bound and lowerRemote Sens. 2021, 13,ten ofbound (90 CI). It truly is worth emphasizing that the captured uncertainty, or the interval length, delineates the variability from the data itself, not the reduced trustworthiness of our model or its estimations.Table 3. Surface HCHO concentration in some typical cities. City Name Surface HCHO ( /m3 ) six.18 5.83 5.66 5.61 five.51 five.49 5.42 five.38 five.27 5.26 City Name Beijing, China Patna, India Ha Noi, Vietnam Guangzhou, China Tianjin, China Manaus, Brazil Montgomery, U.S. Houston, U.S. Freetown, Sierra Leone Kolwezi, R. D. Congo Surface HCHO ( /m3 ) five.23 5.07 five.06 5.00 four.89 4.50 4.44 4.22 four.15 11 of 23 3.Jakarta, Indonesia Singapore Colon, Panama Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Dhaka, Bangladesh Lagos, Nigeria Bangkok, Thailand Shijiazhuang, China Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Remote Sens. 2021, 13, x FOR PEER Overview Kolkata, India(a)(b)Figure 8. (a) The estimated upper bound, point estimation and bound, point estimation function on the height and CI) as a function Figure eight. (a) The estimated upper reduced bound (90 CI) as a and decrease bound (90 vertical column density of HCHO when the altitude is fixed at 0 m, where CI represents self-confidence level. The outcomes within this figure have been obtained by feeding the equally spaced mock data into the two models. (b) The comparison with the models’ estimation along with the genuine worth inside the validation set. Taken logarithm and standardized to 0 for proper visualization.Self-assurance level, with each other with covering length, lay the foundation for the trustworthiness and precision of our interval prediction. As shown in Table 4, the interval estimation model obtained the covering rates and also the ratio of accurate values covered by the predicted interval of 94.41 and 88.74 , exceeding the pre-set confidence levels of = 0.Remote Sens. 2021, 13,11 ofof the height and vertical column density of HCHO when the altitude is fixed at 0 m, where CI.
